Issues
Take Front Stage
With no contest supposedly too close to call, Quebec journalists
found real stories to write about
By Mike Gasher
The federal election campaign prompted a great deal of hand wringing
by Quebecers about the state of Canadian democracy. La Presse
columnist Lysiane Gagnon wrote it off as a campaign of "indifference
and disenchantment." Editorialists were resigned to a Liberal
victory long before election day, even if they held out hope for
a minority government. And campaign coverage was frequently bumped
as the lead news item by the U.S. presidential election, municipal
mergers, the Grey Cup, growth hormones in Canadian beef, and the
firings of the Montreal Canadiens' coach and general manager.
Even if the polls suggested that the Liberals and the Bloc Québécois
were neck-and-neck in the contest for the 75 seats in Quebec,
everyone knew the Bloc's real challenge would be coaxing supporters
of the sovereignist option to vote.
The actual election results a third straight majority for
the Chrétien Liberals, a continuing slide for the Bloc Québécois,
and low voter turnout (62.9 per cent across Canada, 63.5 per cent
in Quebec) provided the final punctuation mark on what
La Presse's chief editorialist Alain Dubuc characterized
as a Liberal win "by default."
It would be wrong, however, to presume that a disappointing election
campaign produced lackluster journalism. On the contrary, the
gradual realization that the Liberals were coasting back to power
had a liberating impact on news coverage in Quebec. If in past
elections, journalists favoured the horse-race approach to coverage
who's leading? who has the best strategy? this time
there was no horse race to cover. Opinion polls, campaign strategies
and controversy remember l'Auberge Grand-Mère?
had little resonance, giving news organizations considerable latitude
in establishing their own agendas.
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The
gradual realization that the Liberals were coasting back
to power had a liberating impact on news coverage in Quebec.
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This was evident in two particular areas. First, the issues were
covered, at least to a much greater extent than we've seen since
the "free trade" election of 1988, when trade liberalization with
the United States was hotly debated on television, radio and in
the press. Second, we heard from many more voices than those of
the five major party leaders. Some of those voices represented
the marginal political parties, which are usually invisible at
election time, while others spoke for women, native peoples and
the black community. It was a campaign in which ideas even
wacky ideas got some play.
With a week to go in the campaign, for example, the Montreal
Gazette ran a front-page story on the issue of the environment,
with reaction from each of the major parties and an environmental
"report card" in which the party platforms were assessed. This
was followed a few days later by a half-page report in Le Devoir
discussing the relevance of environmental issues to the election
campaign. These features were not the product of spin doctors,
but of editors and reporters who felt they deserved some ink.
On the Saturday before the election, the Gazette also featured
a lengthy article about the parties' neglect of cultural policy
on the front page of its Arts and Entertainment section. Le
Devoir opened its op-ed page to pieces on the parties' disregard
for third-world issues and what the major parties were offering
women. Two days before the election, La Presse devoted
two facing pages to summaries of each of the major parties' platforms
on health care, taxation, foreign affairs, debt reduction, law
and order, social and cultural policy, economic policy, the environment,
and Canadian democracy.
Perhaps the most surprising idea taken seriously by the Quebec
press was creationism. Rather than simply regarding creationism
as yet another reason to dismiss the Canadian Alliance's Stockwell
Day as a prime ministerial candidate, the Gazette gave
page-four coverage to a debate at the Université de Montréal between
biology professor David Morse and creationist Laurence Tisdall.
Not a single cynical remark tarnished Kate Swoger's report. Similarly,
La Presse editorialist Mario Roy used the issue of creationism
to remind readers of the prevalence of paranormal belief in western
society between 41 and 66 per cent of Quebecers believe
in such things as clairvoyance, spirits, extra-terrestrials, telepathy
and reincarnation and to provide some insightful commentary
on humankind's inability to live with doubt and uncertainty.
When Alain Dubuc lamented the paucity of ideas in the campaign
in a November 18 La Presse editorial, he was criticizing
the parties, not the press.
If political reporters insisted on pushing ideas onto the agenda,
they also gave voice to parties and communities typically ignored.
Greens and Communists garnered television coverage on CBC and
Radio-Canada, and not always as the butt of an easy joke. Le
Soleil ran a lengthy story on the Natural Law Party and its
three candidates in the Quebec City area.
Le
Devoir sought out the aboriginal perspective on the campaign
through an interview with Matthew Coon-Come, grand chief of the
Assembly of First Nations, and the Gazette covered an election
rally staged by Montreal's black community.
If the 2000 federal election campaign was uninspiring, it didn't
mean election coverage had to follow suit. Quebec journalists
offered proof of that.
Mike
Gasher is an assistant professor in the Department of Journalism
at Concordia University in Montréal.